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Alunos chegam 'semi analfabetos' em faculdades do AM

21 Nov 2010 . 08:30 h . Álisson Castro

 

Fonte: d24am.com

Professores de instituições de ensino superior dizem que a qualidade do ensino piorou nos últimos anos. Estudantes cometem erros de grafia e não conseguem interpretar textos.

Manaus - Estudantes estão entrando nas faculdades e universidades de Manaus praticamente "semi analfabetos", com erros primários de grafias de palavras e incapacidade de interpretar textos. Estes são os principais problemas detectados em salas de aula, segundo análise de professores e coordenadores de Língua Portuguesa de instituições de ensino públicas e particulares da cidade.

Na Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), o professor do curso de Letras Marcos Frederico Krüger diz que tem corrigido textos em que os estudantes não sabem distinguir o verbo no infinito 'estar' da terceira pessoa do presente do indicativo 'está' e usam um no lugar do outro. O mesmo ocorre com os verbos 'ler', 'dar' e 'ver'. Na opinião de Krüger, um dos motivos deste despreparo é a política de não reprovação adotada nos ensino Fundamental e Médio. "Isto elimina o mérito. Dificilmente alguém vai se dedicar aos estudos quando sabe que não será reprovado".

O Amazonas tem 19 instituições de Ensino Superior, sendo três públicas (duas federais e uma estadual) e 16 privadas (12 particulares e quatro de caráter comunitário ou filantrópico). De acordo com os dados do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep), vinculado ao Ministério da Educação, em 2007, a rede de Ensino Superior do Estado tinha 93.817 estudantes matriculados.

O professor de Interpretação e Produção Textual da Universidade Paulista (Unip) Pedro Augusto Furasté também avalia que alguns alunos entram na faculdade praticamente "semi analfabetos". "Já vi a palavra 'universidade' sendo escrita com a letra 'c'", diz. De acordo com  Furasté, 80% dos alunos que ingressam na faculdade não sabem usar corretamente a pontuação e mais da metade desconhece normas de acentuação gráfica. Na tentativa de amenizar as deficiências em Língua Portuguesa, a Unip incluiu a disciplina ministrada por Furasté na grade curricular de todos os seus cursos.

Para o coordenador e professor do curso de Língua Portuguesa da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (Ufam) José Enos Rodrigues, nos últimos cinco anos houve uma queda no nível de conhecimentos dos calouros. Ele atribui o fato à pouca idade dos estudantes que ingressam nos cursos superiores.. "Eles são praticamente adolescentes e muitos não têm uma prática de leitura. A grande preferência deles é a televisão ou a internet e, na hora de produzir um texto, faltam ideias e conteúdo". Para ele este é um mal que afeta instituições de todo o País.

Faculdades tentam salvar com os 'nivelamentos'

A dificuldade em interpretar textos é o principal problema apontado pelo coordenador e professor do curso de Língua Portuguesa da UniNilton Lins, Jefferson Gil da Rocha. "Temos alunos que não sabem distinguir um texto dissertativo de um descritivo", diz. Ele afirma que a principal queixa dos alunos é a de terem ficado muito tempo sem estudar. "Alguns narram ter passado mais de 15 anos".

Na Uninorte, a professora do curso de Letras, Hydelvídia Cavalcante Corrêa, afirma que ainda na correção do vestibular ela percebe a deficiência no conhecimento da Língua Portuguesa. Para combater a deficiência, a Uninorte adotou o nivelamento para todos os cursos da instituição.. Os calouros começam as aulas duas semanas antes e recebem orientações sobre produção e compreensão de textos.  Entre os erros mais recorrentes,  ela cita a palavra 'Brasil' escrita com 'b' minúsculo, além das expressões 'de repente' e 'a partir', como palavras únicas.

A grande oferta de vagas no Ensino Superior e as  políticas públicas de acessibilidade, têm agravado o problema, na opinião da presidente do Sindicato dos Estabelecimentos de Ensino Privado do Amazonas, Nelly Falcão. "As faculdades se veem obrigadas a oferecer programas de nivelamento para que estes alunos acompanhem o conteúdo". Segundo ela, é alto o índice de desistência no primeiro ano por causa do despreparo do aluno.  "Quando eles percebem que terão de ler muito, escrever muito e compreender bem os textos, se perdem e acabam desistindo", diz.

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